Medico Research Chronicles

Study of Clinical Profile in Urinary Tract Infections in Children Aged 1-12 Years

2024-07-11T23:07:01+0530

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent among pediatric patients, posing significant health risks if untreated. This retrospective study, conducted from January 2022 to December 2023 at the Department of Pediatrics, VVP PRH (DU), Loni,, involved 200 children aged 1-12 years. The research aimed to analyze the clinical profiles, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of UTIs in this population. Females (65%) were more commonly affected, particularly those aged 4-7 years. Fever (85%), dysuria (75%), and abdominal pain (60%) were the most frequent symptoms. Predisposing factors included poor perineal hygiene (30%), constipation (25%), and previous UTIs (15%). Laboratory findings confirmed Escherichia coli as the predominant pathogen (75%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%) and Proteus mirabilis (5%). Ultrasound abdomen revealed abnormalities in 15% of cases, and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) was performed in 20% of patients with recurrent infections or abnormal ultrasound results. All patients received culture-sensitive antibiotic therapy; however, 30% required hospitalization, 20% experienced recurrence within a year, and 5% developed renal scarring. Statistical analysis indicated significant variations in demographic and clinical characteristics, with higher prevalence and symptom severity in females. The study underscores the importance of early diagnosis, appropriate management, and vigilant follow-up to prevent recurrence and complications. Emphasizing education on proper perineal hygiene and constipation management can significantly reduce UTI incidence. These findings align with existing literature, emphasizing the need for targeted preventive strategies and evidence-based clinical practices to optimize pediatric UTI management.

CERVICAL PLEXUS NERVE BLOCK: A REVIEW OF TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

2024-06-23T17:17:11+0530

The Cervical Plexus Nerve Block (CPNB) presents a viable alternative to general anesthesia (GA), offering numerous advantages including cost-effectiveness, reduced physiological stress, and lower complication rates. This review delves into the anatomy, classification, and varying techniques of CPNB, such as superficial, deep, and intermediate blocks, and their specific applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. While CPNB has been effectively utilized in several head and neck procedures, its role in oral and maxillofacial surgery is gaining attention due to its potential to improve patient comfort and reduce opioid dependency. Despite these benefits, the technique does carry risks, particularly with deeper blocks, such as hemi-diaphragmatic dysfunction and respiratory distress. The review concludes that CPNB is a crucial component in the field of regional anesthesia for head and neck surgeries, advocating for further research and clinical application to enhance its safety and efficacy.

Exploring The Unforeseen: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) With Rifampicin Resistance (Rr) In Cornelia De Lange Syndrome (Cdls) – A Rare Revelation

2024-07-11T22:39:28+0530

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern, with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) contributing significantly to its burden. This abstract discusses the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of EPTB, focusing on tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL), the most prevalent form of EPTB. Diagnostic challenges and the importance of molecular diagnostic tools like Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra are highlighted, emphasizing the need for prompt and accurate diagnosis to initiate appropriate treatment. Additionally, the abstract explores the coexistence of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), a multisystem disorder, in a patient with EPTB with Rifampicin Resistance (RR), underscoring the complexity of managing multiple medical conditions. The significance of a multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, geneticists, and infectious disease specialists is emphasized in providing comprehensive care tailored to the patient's unique needs. Long-term follow-up and supportive care are crucial for optimizing outcomes in complex medical conditions like TBL and CdLS, highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring and intervention.