CATARACT AND POSTERIOR SEGMENT RISK FACTORS
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the prevalence of posterior segment pathology in patients with cataracts at a tertiary care center in South India and its implications on visual prognosis.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study conducted over a period of one year from April 2013 to April 2014 at MOH, Bangalore, South India. In this study, all patients’ admitted to our center for cataract underwent a detailed fundus evaluation and those precluding visualization of fundus underwent B-scan ultrasonography. There was seen an association of certain ocular and systemic risk factors with a high incidence of the abnormal posterior segment. These systemic and ocular risk factors were assessed and the odds ratio for posterior segment pathology was calculated in these eyes with cataract.
Results: Of the 1236 eyes assessed, 815 eyes had evidence of posterior segment pathology based on history, detailed fundus examination, and ultrasound. The most frequent retinal pathology detected was myopia. Among patient factors, diabetes was seen to be associated with a higher incidence of posterior segment pathology. Among ocular features, posterior synechiae, glaucoma, uveitis were associated with a high incidence of posterior segment pathology. Only 26 eyes exhibited posterior segment pathology without any of the above-mentioned features.
Conclusion: Pre-operative evaluation of Posterior Segment in all cataractous is essential to detect the pathologies which help the surgeon to deduce a surgical plan/strategy for the procedure. This study enabled us to assess the prevalence of posterior segment pathologies in patients who were admitted for cataract surgery and also identified the pathologies which required evaluation and management in our vitreoretinal department after cataract surgery. It also helped us to counsel the patient about the visual outcome after surgery.
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References
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