ALTERATION OF GLUTATHIONE DEPENDENT ENZYMES IN PRE AND POST OPERATIVE BREAST CARCINOMA
Keywords:
Free radicals, Oxidative stress, Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione –S- transferase (GST), Glutathione Reductase
Abstract
Ubiquitous free radical (Reactive Oxygen Species) production occurs continuously in our body from metabolic pathways and electron transport chain. Cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust, industrial effluents, etc., are polluting the environment with free radicals. Glutathione is the most abundant low molecular mass molecule that provides reducing equivalents to protect the cells against free radicals (oxidative stress). The activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes (Glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione – S – transferase) was estimated in 50 histopathologically proven breast cancer patients before and after surgery and compared with age-matched control. The activity of Glutathione related enzymes was found to be significantly increased in breast cancer patients when compared to control and mild decrease after surgery indicating prognosis after treatment.
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References
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2. Birnboim HC.DNA strand breakage in human leukocytes induced by superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and tumor promoters are repaired slowly compared to breaks induced by ionizing radiation.carcinogenesis. 1986; 7: 1511 – 1517.
3. Mazo VK. Ros. Z. Gastroenterol. Gepatol.Koloproktol 1998; 1: 47 – 53.
4. Kulinsky VI , Kolesnichenko LS . Usp. Sovr Biol. 1990 ; 110: 20 -23.
5. Robert Masella, Robert Di Benedetto , Rosaria Vari , Carmela Filesi, Claudio Govannini. Novel mechanism of natural antioxidant compounds in biological systems: involvement of glutathione and glutathione – related enzymes. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2005; 16:577 – 586.
6. Hayes JD, Flanagan JU, Jowsey IR. Glutathione transferases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005; 45: 51 –88.
7. Lu SC. Regulation of glutathione synthesis. Curr Top Cell Regul . 2000; 36: 95 – 116.
8. Davies KJ. Oxidative stress: the paradox of aerobic life. BiochemSoc Symp. 1993; 6:1– 31.
9. Rogers L K, Tamura T, Rogers B J, Welty S E, Hansen T N, Smith C V. Analyses of Glutathione reductase hypomorphic mice indicate a genetic knockout. Toxicol Sci. 2004; 82:367 – 73.
10.Rotruck JT, Pope AL, Ganther HE, Swanson AB, Hafeman DG, Hoekstra WG. Selenium: biochemical roles as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 1973;179:588– 90.
11. Anderson ME. Determination of glutathione. In: Meister A, editor. Methods in enzymology. New York: Academic Press.1985; 548–51.
12. Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB. Glutathione-S-transferases, the first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 1974; 249:7130– 9.
13. R.D. Mavis and E. Stellwagen.Purification and Subunit Structure of Glutathione Reductase from Bakers' Yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1968; 243: 809-814.
14. Maher P. The effect of Stress and Aging on glutathione metabolism. Ageing Research Reviews.2005; 4: 288 – 314.
15. Obrador E, Navarro J, Mompo J, et al. Glutathione and the rate of cellular proliferation determine tumor cell sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor in vivo. Biochem J.1997; 325: 183 -189.
16. Golikov S N, Sanotsky I V, Tiunov L A.General mechanism of Toxic Action[in Russian], Meditsina, Leningrad.1986.
17. Gorodzanskaya E G, Larionova V B, Zubrikhina G N, Kormosh N G, Davydova T V , Laktionov K P. Role of Glutathione – Dependent peroxidase in Regulation of Lipo peroxide Utilization in Malignant Tumors. Biochemistry (Moscow).2001; 66: 221 – 224.
18. Chandra R, Aneja R, Rewal C, Konduri R, Dass K, Agarwal S. An opium alkaloid – papaverine ameliorates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity: diminution of oxidative stress.Ind. J. Clin.Biochem.2000; 15(2) :155 -60.
19. Zachara B, Maclag A, Marchaluk E, Nowicki A. Selenium, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in blood and tissues of breast cancer patients. In: Anke M, Meissner D, Mills CF, editors. Trace elements in man and animals. New York: TEMA Verlag Media-Touristik. 1993; 789 – 93.
20. Bryant RW, Simon TC, Bailey JM. Role of glutathione peroxidase and monophosphate shunt in the platelet lipoxygenase pathway. JBiolChem 1982; 257:14937–43.
21. Capdevila JM, Morrow JD, Belosludtsev YY, Beauchamp DR, DuBois RN, Falck JR. The catalytic outcomes of the constitutive and the mitogen inducible isoforms of prostaglandin H synthetase are markedly affected by glutathione and glutathione peroxidase(s). Biochemistry 1995; 34:3325 – 7.
22. Skyzydiewska E, Stankiewicz A, Sulkowska M, Sulkowski S, Kasaca I. Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in colorectal cancer. J. Toxical Environ Health A.2001; 64: 213- 222.
23. Shaffer EA. Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century? Curr Gastroenterol Rep.2005; 7:132-140.
How to Cite
1.
Prabasheela B, Baskaran S. ALTERATION OF GLUTATHIONE DEPENDENT ENZYMES IN PRE AND POST OPERATIVE BREAST CARCINOMA. Med. res. chronicles [Internet]. 2014Oct.31 [cited 2024May3];1(1):73-7. Available from: https://medrech.com/index.php/medrech/article/view/10
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Original Research Article
