THE ROLE OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AND PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN ON RISK OF LARGE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE INFANTS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Abstract
Background It is important to identify the most important determinants of excessive fetal growth in our population. In healthy women, excessive gestational weight gain is a risk factor for large for gestational age infants as well as other perinatal and maternal complications [1, 2] The prevalence of LGA infants born to women with Type 2 DM has been reported to be 50% [3, 4] The aim of the study was to evaluate the independent role of gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes on the risk of large for gestational age infants.
Methods A retrospective was conducted on the maternal diabetic status and gestational weight gain and maternal and perinatal outcomes on large for gestational age infants delivered in Father Mullers Hospital, a tertiary referral center from January 2014 to July 2014. Multiple pregnancies and preterm deliveries were excluded. The sample included 102 women with complete records. Association between exposure variables and Large for gestational age was analyzed with Chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression models were built to analyze the independent association between potential predictors and large for gestational age.
Results Maternal excessive weight gain (20.58 %) and gestational diabetes (29.41 %) resulted to be independent factors for large for gestational age. The mode of delivery was operational for the majority of the cases (50 %). Neonatal outcomes showed the need for NICU care for (46 %) and low apgar scores.
Conclusions Our findings indicate that excess of maternal gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes should be considered as independent risk factors for large for gestational age. To adequately evaluate the clinical evolution of pregnancy, all the variables need to be carefully assessed and monitored.
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References
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