EPILEPSY COMORBIDITY IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN ALBANIA
Abstract
Introduction: The association between epilepsy and autism has been extensively described and documented during the past decade due to its therapeutic approach and clinical importance.
Objectives: This study aims to describe the comorbidity of epilepsy in autism spectrum disorder in Albania with a special focus on the effect of epilepsy on regression age and intellect (IQ).
Methods: In this retrospective study we reviewed 164 patients diagnosed with ASD at our clinic during 2011-2014. The chief complaints were developmental problems (speech delay, behavior problems, and developmental delay) and seizures. The children were evaluated by the child neurologist and the psychiatrist for children and adolescents.
Results: The comorbidity of epilepsy and ASD was found in 40 children (24%). In the comorbidity group, there was a significant positive correlation between lower IQ and early age of regression (r=0.817, n=49, p<0.001). Patients in the comorbidity group had a lower mean IQ than patients with ASD only (88.10±6.94 vs. 65.54±8.72; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Epilepsy in autism spectrum disorders is one of the additional problems to be to be dealt with in these patients. Major risk factors for seizure occurrence are mental retardation and additional neurological disorders, as well as some specific associated medical conditions.
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References
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