ETIOLOGY AND SHORT OUTCOME OF NEONATAL SEIZURES IN BABYLON GYNECOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS TEACHING HOSPITAL
Abstract
Background: Neonatal seizures are the most common manifestation of neurological disorders in the newborn period and an important determinant of outcome.
Objectives: To determine the etiology and immediate outcome of seizures among neonates admitted to Babylon Gynecology and Pediatrics teaching hospital.
Method: This is prospective, observational study was conducted in the neonatal care unit and general wards of Babylon Gynecology and Pediatrics teaching hospital. The study was done from 1stof April 2014 to 1stof October 2014. All the neonates developing clinically identifiable seizures before 28 days of life were enrolled in the study. Seizure etiology was based on positive clinical data, laboratory findings, and /or imaging studies of the brain (ultrasonography, CT. Scan, or MRI).
Results: Among the 3154 neonates admitted to the neonatal care unit and general wards during the study period, 122 (3.9%) neonates (term and preterm) developed clinical seizures. The most common cause of neonatal seizures was hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 41(33.6%) of 122 neonates, followed by metabolic disturbances collectively constitute 36(29.5%) neonates, infections were found in 20 (16.4%), neonates. Other important etiological factors include intracranial hemorrhage, hyperbilirubinemia encephalopathy (Kernicterus), brain malformation, and unknown causes each accounted for 13(10.7%), five (4.1%), five (4.1%) and two (1.6%) respectively. The outcome was, death 21 (17.2%) neonates, 32(26.2%) neonates were discharged with neurological sequelae, while 69 (56.6%) neonates discharged with no sequelae.
Conclusion: Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy was the most common cause of neonatal seizures. The two most common diagnosis associated with a neonatal seizure that carries worse mortality and neurological sequelae were neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy and infections
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References
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