Study of clinical profile and surgical outcome of pterygium in adult patients at rural tertiary care hospital.
Abstract
Introduction: Pterygium is a benign, degenerative condition of the subconjunctival tissue, for which many surgical techniques ranging from McReynaud’s operation to conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane graft, have been discussed in the literature. Grafts prevent a recurrence, acting as a barrier, and have proven to be the gold standard. Here we have studied the clinical profile and surgical outcome of pterygium surgery by various techniques at a Rural tertiary care hospital (RTCH).
Aims/ Objectives: Our primary aim was to study demographical factors and clinical profile of pterygia along with the surgical outcome and postoperative complications of pterygium surgery by various techniques, at RTCH.
Materials and Methods: In this, hospital-based observational descriptive longitudinal study, we studied 75 patients, with primary progressive pterygium, who underwent pterygium surgery from September 2019- March 2021 and recorded their pre-operative, intraoperative, and postoperative data with a follow-up period of 3 months. Results: 74.6% of the population were females, with a bimodal peak incidence in 31-40 years and 61-70 years (22.6%). Most common presentation in both eyes (46.6%) with 97.3% cases presenting with nasal pterygium. 66.6% of patients presented with a grade 2 pterygium. 50 patients had a pre-operative “with the rule astigmatism”. Pre-operative keratometry readings could not be assessed for 5 patients due to excessive distortion of the corneal surface. 37 patients underwent graft fixation with no suture no glue while 38 patients underwent graft fixation with sutures. The most common complication was graft edema which was seen in 53 patients, while recurrence was seen in 2 patients.
Conclusion: The occurrence of pterygium is very common in rural areas, which in most cases, is neglected due to lack of awareness. Surgical excision with conjunctival autograft continues to be the gold standard of treatment for the same.
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References
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